Ancient Roman Civilization And Modern Times - 936 Words

The ancient Roman civilization had many enduring contributions to modern times. Many of the ancient structures survived the ravages of time. This leads the modern tourist to experience the ancient civilization through much of what Ancient Rome’s engineers enduring achievements, namely, temples, baths, aqueducts and roads (Temin, The economy of the early Roman Empire, 2006). Beyond the physical structures that survived the millennia, there are numerous modern cultural influences that are readily seen in everything from popular culture with extensive gladiator movies to the architecture of the nation’s capital building (James, 2008). However, the most important and enduring impacts that the Ancient Roman civilization had on modern times were from Rome’s economy and law. First, it is important to describe why the Ancient Roman economy was significant, why it worked, and how the Ancient Roman economy continues to influence the modern era. Ancient Rome allowed for a high standard of living for her inhabitants as described by classical biographers such as Cornelius Tacitus and Caius Suetonius (Korstanje, 2009). A standard of living that rivaled the prosperity of the Dutch Republic in the golden age of the 17th century which would make the Roman standard of living the highest achieved until the onset of the Industrial Revolution (Temin, The Roman market economy, 2012). Why Rome was so successful is less clear, many still discuss the explanation of Ancient Rome’s success andShow MoreRelatedGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1498 Words   |  6 PagesGreek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In examining the trajectory of modern history inRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1503 Words   |  7 PagesGreek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In scrutinizing the trajectory of modern historyRead More Contributions of Ancient Civilizations Essay820 Words   |  4 Pagesformed civilizations. A civilization is a community characterized by elements such as a system of writing, a development of social classes, and cities. Early civilizations such as ancient Greece, classical Rome, Mesopotamia, and classical China have made many contributions to society that still affect people in the modern world. The inventions, progress, and contributions of the people of these ancient civilizations and others have shaped the world that we all live in today. Ancient MesopotamiaRead MoreAncient Greek And Romes Impact On Western Literature1642 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact greek and roman culture had on western civilization The ancient Greeks and Romans were two of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. The two civilizations thrived in their ancient environments which eventually led to a large amount of wealth within these two cultures. It is because of this that these ancient cultures were able to make a variety of advancements in literature, architecture, art and many other fields. These two civilizations also produced some of the ancient world’s greatestRead MoreAncient Greeks And The Ancient Romans1150 Words   |  5 Pages The Romans had one of the most innovative and influential ancient civilizations. Although arguments can be made for the Ancient Greeks and the Ancient Egyptians, it can be seen that the modern world had adopted many of the values and ideas of the Ancient Romans. The achievements, ideas, and values of the Ancient Romans have had a lasting impact on the modern world. The majority of people don’t know that many of the things they take for granted came from Ancient Rome. Architecture One of theRead MoreAncient And Modern Day Olympics1335 Words   |  6 Pageswestern civilization, and it is one of the many parts given to us by Greek and Roman civilizations. The extent at which the various civilizations have been influenced can be seen through the similarities and differences between the ancient and modern Olympics. For example, women were not allowed to participate in the ancient Greek games. On the other hand, many of the events that took place in the ancient games are similar to the ones in modern day Olympics. Greek and Roman civilization has contributedRead MoreCivilization is Connected from the Mesopotamians to the Powerful Roman Empire836 Words   |  4 PagesTime persistently progresses forward unimpeded. With each elapsing second the present moment changes into the past and creates history. History is filled with a plethora of events, people, and concepts that have left an enduring influence. Society has developed many components which became foundat ional to Western culture from the Mesopotamian civilizations to the emergence of the Romans. The contributions of a variety of cultures shaped the course of Western history. The Mesopotamians and EgyptiansRead MoreCivilization Is An Essential Design1000 Words   |  4 PagesCivilization is an essential design. Civilization, to some extent is a prominent basis of cultural and technological progression. It is the rectification of thoughts and manners in society. Without civilizations, the world as we know it would not be. A civilization develops superfluous of things that help the people be a stable community. These build up an outline for the advancement and rise of the empire. Government is also existent in civilizations. Likewise, the Roman Civilization is an essenceRead MoreThe Roman And Greek Civilization940 Words   |  4 PagesIt is truly fascinating how two different civilizations could fabricate almost every inch of society as long as humans can remember for thousands of years into the future and beyond. From the calendar and toilet to modern roads and concrete, both the Roman and Greek civilization terraformed the world and our homes. Both civ ilizations also introduced a wider variety of religion, mathematics, science, art and architecture concepts, machinery, military technology and strategy, astronomy, agricultureRead MoreAncient Civilization : An Essential Design992 Words   |  4 Pages2015 Civilization is an essential design. Civilization, to some extent is a prominent basis of cultural and technological progression. It is the rectification of thoughts and manners in society. Without civilizations, the world as we know it would not be. A civilization develops superfluous of things that help the people be a stable community. These build up an outline for the advancement and rise of the empire. Government is also existent in civilizations. Likewise, the Roman Civilization is an

Hunger For Memory Education Of Richard Rodriguez

Many individuals have theorized about the connection between self and society and some concluded that language is the link, which embodies our feelings, sensations, and impulses to experience our conduct in relationships to others. However, language alone does not necessarily provide a mutual understanding among the individuals without shared values and meanings. In â€Å"Hunger for Memory: Education of Richard Rodriguez†, Rodriquez argues that language takes two forms: private and public. What Richard labels as private is the language of the home, whereas public language is the discourse of public society. Growing up, Richard’s private language was not like the public language, which set Richard apart from his parents. Therefore, Richard explores his acculturated self-identity by analyzing his educational experiences of opposing bilingual education and being labeled a minority student through the lens of private and public languages. As research shows, bilingual educat ion is an effective tool that allows children to learn school curriculum in their language while acquiring academic English, but Rodriguez does not support the notion. Prior to starting school, Richard did not speak the public language, English, which is why after he had begun school, he felt uncomfortable in the class settings. As nuns connected [Richard’s] behavior with the difficult progress [Richard’s] older sister, and brother were making (Rodriguez 1982: 19), they encouraged Rodriguez s parents to useShow MoreRelatedHunger Of Memory : The Education Of Richard Rodriguez1818 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Hunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez is a six chapter book that reads more like a collection of essays than an autobiography. It is written by Richard Rodriguez, a Mexican American author, analyst, educational commentator and intellectual. A large part of his personal treatise is his reflections and dissection of â€Å"contemporary education† and its meaning to a Hispanic American child growing up in the 1950s. It is unusual that a young person would write his own autobiographyRead MoreHunger of Memory by Richard Rodriguez1011 Words   |  4 Pages To be an ethnic American is a culture all on its own. Hunger of memory by Richard Rodrà ­guez gives an insight into the rarely viewed world. A person that no longer falls into either category of family or American community. Such an individual is stuck between two worlds, in which two different cultures collide yet form a rift through family, language and education. Family is the first thing anybody grows to know. You become familiarized with the traditions and the people of the unit. In the caseRead More Analysis of Hunger of Memory by Richard Rodriguez Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Hunger of Memory by Richard Rodriguez Richard Rodriguez?s essay, Hunger of Memory, narrates the course of his educational career. Rodriguez tells of the unenthusiastic and disheartening factors that he had to endure along with his education such as isolation and lack of innovation. It becomes apparent that Rodriguez believes that only a select few go through the awful experiences that he underwent. But actually the contrary is true. The majority of students do go through theRead More Hunger Of Memory Essay628 Words   |  3 Pagesis an important development in the novels Hunger of Memory and How the Garcia Girls lost their Accent. The novels deal with separation differently. For Hunger of Memory by Richard Rodriguez, the separation allows Richard to move from the private world to the public world. Here, separation is a movement for a solution, which is citizenship. In How the Garcia Girls Lost their Accent by Julia Alvarez, the separation is an effect from Antojo. Richard Rodriguez immediately recognizes the separations inRead MoreEducation In Richard Rodriguezs The Hunger Of Memory977 Words   |  4 PagesRichard Rodriguez, the author of â€Å"The Hunger of Memory,† is a Mexican man who rose above prejudices to become a distinguished member of society through education. Sherman Alexie, the author of â€Å"Superman and Me,† is a Native American man who grew up on an Indian reservation with a love of books and a penchant for learning in an attempt to exceed further than the predetermined path set in front of him. Rodriguez perceives education as something that has built a division between him and his family butRead MoreAnalysis Of Richard Rodriguezs Hunger Of Memory1003 Words   |  5 PagesRichard Rodriguez, the author of Hunger of Memory, is a Mexican man who rose above prejudices to become a distinguished member of society through education. Sherman Alexie, the author of â€Å"Superman and Me,† is a Native American ma n who grew up on an Indian reservation with a love of books and a penchant for learning in an attempt to exceed further than the predetermined path set in front of him. Rodriguez perceives education as something that has built a division between him and his family but allowedRead MoreAnalysis of Hunger of Memory and Self Essay1031 Words   |  5 PagesWhile I read The Hunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez, there were tons of ideas that struck me. It was very interesting because so many of the different parts could relate to my life. Also, given his story, its so interesting to me that he is against bilingual education, having benefited from it in his own life. To me, it places the book in a different light as I read it. This book is a narrative and it is telling in how his opinions were formed because the experiences thatRead MoreEssay on Richard Rodriguezs Hunger of Memory1116 Words   |  5 PagesRichard Rodriguezs Hunger of Memory The universal quot;growing painsquot; that all children experience in one form or another are easily recognized in Richard Rodriguez’s autobiographical excerpt from Hunger of Memory. Rodriguez’s childhood was particularly unique given the fact that while he was born and raised in the United States, he was strongly influenced in the ethnic environment of a Spanish family. Although the reader is introduced to only a short excerptRead MoreBilingualism Vs Bilingual Education1058 Words   |  5 Pagesboth have troubles but American born people have more power to control the rules. Bilingualism, tackled by both Martin Espada in ‘The New Bathroom Policy at English High School’ and Richard Rodriguez’s essay , ‘Hunger of Memory’, go into detail about what they think about bilingualism,what it means and bilingual education; however, they both have different opinions on certain matters of bilingualism Let’s start with Espada. He discusses policies in school and situations he has had of linguistic zealotsRead MoreHunger of Memory2061 Words   |  9 PagesHunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodrà ­guez Hunger of Memory is an autobiography of the writer Richard Rodrà ­guez and his transition from youth to manhood told through a series of recollected stories. The premise of his writing was centered mainly on his struggle to maintain both his Mexican heritage and closeness to his Spanish-speaking family, while at the same time being assimilated into American culture and obtaining an advanced education. Within the book Richard Rodrà ­guez

Mary Louis Pratt, Arts Of The Contact Zone Essay Online Example For Students

Mary Louis Pratt, Arts Of The Contact Zone Essay Online In Mary Louise Prates words of Arts of the Contact Zone, a community is held together by a homogeneous competence or grammar shared identically and equally among all the members. (493) What she means by that is we all share the same traits. I am a member of the aviation community Of The University of North Dakota. It consists of about 1,200 students and was started in 1968 by John D. Dodgers. The department employs over 30 faculty members and offers the aviation education of your preferred choice. My fellow members of the LIND aviation community are all identified in the department Of aviation UT are all characterized in their own way. For example, on page 494 Pratt talks about models involving games. Are all involved in the same game, despite conflicts and systematic social differences. Groups of people will have one thing in common but each person is individually different. In my case, am an Airport Management major from Minnesota and took my private pilots course at UNDO. Was and am currently taking many aviation classes which means am most likely to relate to students who are in those same classes because of our shared interest in aerospace sciences. My community lives in Grand Forks but most are from other states. We are all different ages and we are all on our own distinct level flight courses but are all involved with aviation. In Pratt essay she explains that there are three types of communities, Those various communities are sovereign, limited, and fraternal. Our community is a sovereign community. We have subtle leaders like teachers and the administration, These powers help keep us together and unified. The community is also limited. Limited, according to Prates essay means finite, if elastic boundaries. (493) These boundaries are the policies and procedures of UNDO aerospace. To be more specific one rule s no phones are allowed on the ramp unless there is an emergency. Another rule is your blood alcohol content must be below . 04. Fraternal is a deep, horizontal comradeship. (493) We are not Willing to die for one another but the UNDO aviation community embodies fraternity. We are all interested in the same professions and hue a goal Of being successful. We are all equal and have the same rights. We may be on different levels but are all given the same opportunities. We have the liberty to have our own opinions and behavior as long as our behavior is safe. It can be argued that we do not have much liberty cause there are so many rules and regulations. These are all characteristics of a utopian society, My community seems very utopian to me. Our community shares the same grammar and language autochthonous to the United States. When say language do not necessarily mean just English. Am talking about how we speak to one another. We all know the same terms such a rudder and flaps and what they are. Anyone outside of the community might feel left out if such a topic came up around them. Also, when we talk to TACT and other pilots in the air we do it in a strict form, that if broken may cause consequences. Our immunity is monolingual. There are Chinese students that speak their own language but in school and in their flight training are forced to speak English. Therefore, we all have the English language in common and it unifies us together. Although I think it unifies us, believe in Prates writing she is trying to make Americans feel better about transmutable communication and is something we shouldnt be afraid Of. .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 , .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .postImageUrl , .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 , .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7:hover , .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7:visited , .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7:active { border:0!important; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7:active , .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7 .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0821981effa3445ff421dbfe79e522a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Prostitution misc EssayPratt introduces contact zones in her essay making a statement that it is a term that refers to social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grapple With each Other, often in contexts Of highly asymmetrical elations of power, such a colonialism, slavery, or their aftermaths as theyre lived out in many parts Of the world today. (487) She believes these contact zones are important in teaching diversity. One example of a contact zone in the aviation community is the shuttle from Dodgers to the airport. The shuttle does not just transfer regular UNDO students to the airport but also Air China students. Most of the time it is about half and half of each culture and while in the shuttle we all use our native tongue, English being mine and Chinese being theirs. This can make it a bit uncomfortable because our culture doesnt know what the other is eying, but we do know one thing we have in common is we are all going out to the airport to fly or get a briefing. Talking to air traffic control is another contact zone, except this is not face to face. It is preformed over the radio, Pilots will repeat every direction TACT has given them and adhere to them carefully. There are negatives and positives to the contact zone. As have suggested, it is a negative that the LIND monolingual community does not know what the Air China students are saying and the Air China students can understand most of what we are saying because they are forced to learn it by being here. Another negative is each country has their opinion about the other and might disagree on the way things are done there. When TACT and pilots interact with one another and the pilot misses an instruction it creates conflicts and can be unsafe. This conflict zone is very stressful for the pilot to not get in trouble and also stressful for the air traffic controller because it is their duty to separate aircraft. A positive on the other hand is that we obviously all enjoy aviation and we can learn more about the Other culture than just What we see and read in the media that may or, may not be true. Other contact zones of the aviation department are teacher to student because they may each have different perspectives on a topic. It is one pupil interacting with a superior adult. Stage check pilot to student and flight instructor to student are also contact zones. The stage check pilot to student puts most of the pressure on the student to be respectful and not screw up. Flight instructor to student is the least pressure because they are teaching you brand new things you cant argue with. Contact zones are important because people are able to gain a new perspective due to the tact that they are able to interact with people of a foreign culture, This action demonstrates the clashes between what we think we know, as opposed to how much that is out there that we dont know. A phenomenon that happens in these contact zones is called transmutation. Pratt acknowledges Ethnographers have used the term transmutation to describe processes whereby members of subordinated or marginal groups select and invent from materials transmitted by a dominant or metropolitan culture, they do determine to varying extents what gets absorbed into their own and what it gets used for. (491) She uses the Spanish takeover of he Inca empire to educate on transmutation. Gunman Pomp of the Inca Empire wrote a letter to King Philip Ill in 1603. Gunman Pomp accustoms himself to the invaders language because the Inca Empire had no system of writing Poor my example Im going to refer to the air china students coming in from their country and taking on our language and ways Of living. Contact zones can be unsafe with all the varying differences in opinions. A safe house is an idea of being in an area where you dont have to worry about being judged. .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd , .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .postImageUrl , .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd , .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd:hover , .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd:visited , .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd:active { border:0!important; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd:active , .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udae8ef67711a3ce574a5168b15d9d2bd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Theorectical Bases For Counseling EssayIn Prates essay she refers to them as social and intellectual spaces where groups can institute themselves as horizontal, homogeneous, sovereign communities with high degrees of trust, shared understandings, temporary protection from legacies of oppression. (497) Aviation classrooms are safe houses because we have shared understandings of what is going on in school and we can relate to them. For example if one person is having trouble passing a stage check there may he others to that had the same problem and will not judge the other person for it. We can all give each other advice because we know what they are going through. Safe houses allow us to express ourselves and engage with others. This to me is a good sate house tort our community. Think the main idea to what Pratt says about contact zones is that we should better understand them to help us improve our understanding of other cultures. They will help us shed light on people with different backgrounds, We learn from Prates essay to try and understand other cultures other than our own and to take advantage of contact zones instead of pushing them away. The LIND aviation community is very large part of the university. It is a joy to be a part off group that shares your same interest and things you go through. There are limitations though. For example, most of the community is men. It does not bother me that I am usually one out Of two girls in my aviation related courses because have gotten used to it. Some men say girls cannot fly and tend to underestimate us. With that in mind there may be a bit Of sexism in our community. Another limitation is that dont have a diverse group of friends. Id like to have more friends with other interests so can talk about something else every once and a While. Rules are a huge limitation for some. There are alcohol rules, GAP rules, medical rules, safety rules. All of these are very serious and need to be followed or it could result n getting kicked out of the program. As said being monolingual should not limit us and we should be open about other languages.

Causes and Consequences of Second World War

Questions: 1. Causes of the Second World War?2. Consequences of the Second World War? Answers: Introduction The Second World War was a continuation of the tensions as well as the resources and markets that partially led to the First World War. The fascist Italy invaded Ethiopia in the year 1935. With an attempt to expand beyond Korea, Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and soon concur mainland China in the year 1937. Within the Europe the aggression of Germany against neighboring countries soon led it into the serious war with Britain as well as France in the year 1939. Within no time the conflict became global. The attack on Pearl Harbour soon intensified the environment. The World War II was therefore fought in Europe, North Africa, East Asia, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Soviet Union, West Africa. In relation to the Second World War the historians identify a series of incidents and comprehend them as the key cause behind the out break of the War. Causes of the Second World War The World War I abruptly ended without answering the key question of who would rule or dominate the Europe. The havoc dislocations and damages caused by the war soon laid the groundwork to collapse of democratic institutions and encouraged the Germans to attempt at the conquest. A worldwide depression soon affected the nations and in 1929 it set the stage for German to attack for the second time. In 1933 Adolf Hitler moved forward with the National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party, a mass movement that was antidemocratic and anti-Semitic. He was against the parliamentary government and embraced dictatorial powers. This Nazi government helped in increasing the overall strength of the German armed forces. Problems soon engulfed the situation after the failure of the Treaty of Versallies. When the treaty was signed in 1919 countless people hoped that a destructive war will never happen again (Lukacs). However, the expectations met a devastation caused by the Great Depression. Incre ased military expenditure also affected the public sentiment and the economic effects of the Great Depression were severe. The World War two is a severe global military conflict which affected the nations across the globe. It also affected the great powers, organized two opposing military alliances, Axis and Allies. The Allied powers on the one hand included the British Empire, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United States of America was known as The Big Three. The Aixs Power included the countries such as Germany, Japan, and Italy. Historians identified that Hitlers rise to power was one of the key causes behind the conflict which gripped the world between 1939 and 1945. There are various reasons behind the Second World War (Taylor). Such as already mentioned that Germany decided to expand; rise of dictatorship in Germany, Japan decided to expand in Asia and Pacific. The weakness of the League of the Nations led to the war. Powers rose against ach other, and indulged into endless conflict till the Japan was attacked with Atom bomb by the US, which not only weakened the great power but also crippled it permanently. Consequences of the Second World War The consequence of the global war was immense. Countless died and many were homeless. The impact of Atom bomb in Japan changed the lives of the people for ever. More than 15million soldiers died and about 20million civilians were disabled permanently. Destruction of property, loss of resources, economic loss and shortage of commodity affected the countries severely. People had no food, work or money. Lives were miserable. Hardships of the common man in these countries increased daily (Keegan). While at the national level, humans suffered, at the political level, the end of the World War marked a new beginning which was initiated by the decline of the old super power and the rise of two new super powers, namely the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States of America (US). Allies during the Second World War, the USSR as well as the US evolved as steep competitors. The US, USSR became competitor and engaged in the Cold War that thought never got expressed as an open war like the previous global wars, but engaged in accumulating ammunitions and evolving as a powerful group that the other by spending immensely on military arms and ammunition (Lukacs). This came to be known as the Cold War. The Cold War saw the race of nuclear armaments and threatened the nations with its slow growing power which if released would end the harmony and civic life forever. Finally the consequences of the war, the Allies created the United Nations, a new global organization to manage and cooperatio n as well as diplomacy. Members of UNO signed and greed to end the wars of aggression to avoid the Third World War. References Keegan, John. The Second World War. 4th ed. New York: Viking, 2000. Print. Liddell Hart, Basil Henry. History Of The Second World War. 3rd ed. New York: Putnam, 2005. Print. Lukacs, John. The Legacy Of The Second World War. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2010. Print. Taylor, A. J. P. The Origins Of The Second World War. 4th ed. New York: Atheneum, 2009. Print.

The World’s Wife Essay Example

The World’s Wife Paper By subverting male dominance in â€Å"The World’s Wife†, Duffy challenges gender conventions and ultimately transcends them, however women are still trapped by predetermined societal constructs. In this presentation, attack will be defined as the assertion of power over someone and in the world’s wife, it shall be defined as the subversion of male dominance by the female. Transgression will be defined as going beyond what society deems as conventional/normal. Therefore I will be focusing on the ways in which Duffy establishes female dominance and how she ultimately transcends gender conventions. Battle of the sexes? We will write a custom essay sample on The World’s Wife specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The World’s Wife specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The World’s Wife specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is important to differentiate sex and gender. Provisionally: ‘sex’ denotes human females and males depending on biological features ‘gender’ denotes women and men depending on social factors. Feminism seeks to overcome/challenge the conventional socially constructed notions of ‘gender’. One way to do this is to assert the female’s dominance over men, which is seen in â€Å"The World’s Wife†. In this presentation, I’ll be looking focusing on 3 poems, Delilah, Circe and Mrs Beast and I will explore 1. The assertion of the female literary voice. 2. Male dominance subverted by female violence. 3. The reversal of gender roles 4. Women cannot completely remove themselves from societal constructs 1. Duffy asserts the female literary voice in order to establish female dominance. Conventionally, throughout history, males have dominated the literary cannon and women have been absent to a great extent from historical representations. However, in â€Å"The World’s Wife†, the title already hints at the main perspective of the collection and with the assembly of poems, of which each contains certain experiences made by women, it creates an atmosphere of a female gathering. This creation of a female space is a reversal of conventional gender constructions in which the male voice dominates the literary cannon. Within â€Å"The World’s Wife†, Duffy moves away from the gender convention of males dominating the literary voice. DELILAH In the poem, â€Å"Delilah†, which is a retelling of the biblical story of Samson, an unrivalled hero of Israel famed for his strength which was attributed to his long mane of hair and his lover Delilah who, when offered payment by his enemies, cut off Samsons hair while he slept, severing the source of his power. In this poem: Samson asks Delilah to ‘teach him how to care’ and as a result, she cuts off his hair to remove his strength in order to allow him to feel emotions. Delilah questions Samson and adopts an imperative tone, Tell me more indicating the power she has over him, she seems to be dominating over him and this foreshadows the ending. Furthermore Duffy uses â€Å"I† and â€Å"Me†, indicating that Delilah has now taken charge of the way the poem is being told. The final imperative and concluding dash Put your hand here - marks the transition back to Delilahs point of view, he guided my fingers. further emphasizing how she holds the power over the way the story progresses. Moreover, she also claims responsibility for her actions, actively asserting herself as the one who has done the deed to Samson, she is the dominant voice in the poem. MRS BEAST The female literary dominance is also extended to Mrs Beast which is a retelling of the classic Beauty and the Beast story in which a beautiful human girl is forced to live with a beast and they eventually fall in love. Mrs Beast showcases a different relationship in which the female actively seeks out the beast. Females have taken on an assertive role in their relationship with males. This is seen through her assertion of her literary voice as the poem is told through her perspective. Throughout the poem, the female voice is harsh and blunt, demonstrating her apparent strength and rejection of the stereotypically weak nature associated with females. For example, I should know, theyre bastards when theyre princes establishes her confrontational attitude towards men. Additionally, in â€Å"I had the language girls†, she addresses the female gender as one collective unit. This makes it sound as if she is preparing an army for a battle for those lost to the suffocation of the mal e species. It further shows how Duffy establishes the female as possessing the language and thus establishes them within the literary cannon. CIRCE This is also seen in â€Å"Circe† who is able to transform her enemies, or those who offended her, into animals. She addresses a female audience and is thus in a position of power and she actively dominates the voice within the poem, â€Å"I’m familiar†, â€Å"I’ve stood† and â€Å"I want† are all phrases of assertion and dominance. -Therefore, through the assertion of the dominating female literary voice, Duffy successfully transcends gender conventions. THROUGH THE USE OF AGGRESSION EMPLOYED BY WOMEN, DUFFY FURTHER TRANSCENDS THE GENDER CONVENTIONS AND ASSERTS FEMALE DOMINANCE. In DELILAH, the cutting of hair can be seen as an dominating and aggressive act as she is literally physically stripping Samson away of his power/strength/which had made him valuable to mankind, Furthermore, this aggressive act is reinforced by Delilahs premeditation is emphasized by the syntax: I let†¦And before I . . . I fastened the chain to the door and the rhyme of floor and door. Indicates she has planned to and knowingly carries out the seemingly violent act on Samson. â€Å"Circe† displays a more brutal sense of hostility towards the men and the idea of taking aggressive action against them is conveyed. The venomous tone in â€Å"all of them†¦with those piggy eyes† generalizes that all men are the same and deserve to be punished this way. Thus, there is a strong sense of hatred towards men where girls are encouraged to fight back. Furthermore, â€Å"boiled†, â€Å"scraped† and â€Å"mash† are violent images that suggest brutally punishing men. Circe is also described as taking the pig’s ‘sweetmeats slipped from the slit, bulging, vulnerable bag of balls.† This aggressiveness strengthens the superiority of the female voice and subverts existing male power. Moreover, in the last stanza, she makes an effort to threaten and display aggression by wanting to â€Å"baste that sizzling pig on the spit once again†. This vicious display of aggressively cooking the men shows how she refuses to return to her naà ¯ve self who had once â€Å"hoped for men†. Mrs Beast continues to consciously reverse gender roles in order to overthrow male dominance. Hence, She is in complete control over the Beast and pulls the strings in their relationship. Duffy further strips the male of his power by portraying the female in a dominant position in their sexual relationship. For example, â€Å"The lady says that’s not what I meant† undermines the Beast’s sexual performance, and we see her forcibly ordering him around. In fact, ensuring she is sexually fulfilled is the priority, not the desires of the beast. â€Å"The pig in my bed was invited† emphasizes that it is a privilege for the Beast that she has allowed him to be in her presence, reinforcing his subordinate position next to her. â€Å"The Beast kept out of sight,† tells us that he had to give her space when required, but still had to serve them at the poker game. He has become her servant, obeying every command and she controls when she wants him near her or not. Hence, she adopts this active role to overturn male dominance by belittling him –– an act of aggression as she forcibly takes action to oppress him. We can see that female dominance is established through transgressing gender conventions. Duffy establishes conventional gender roles within â€Å"Delilah† in order to actively move away from them. The poem begins with an imperative, Teach me, reflecting Samsons strong, dominant character. The second stanza depicts Samson speaking directly, in first person; the tone is boastful and the language violent rip, roar, fire, and flay. Samson relates his accomplishments in declaratives: Theres nothing I fear. His speech emphasizes his dominant and strong personality, conventional traits of the masculine gender. Delilah, in turn, nibbled the purse of his ear an allusion to the biblical account in which Delilah is paid by each of Samsons enemies which alludes to her materialistic attitude and reflects her reputation as a prostitute, all of which are conventions to the female gender. -In the poem, Duffy transgresses gender conventions and through that, begins to establish Delilah’s dominance over Samson. Duffy deconstructs the gender convention of male strength and power. She let him slip and slide and sprawl to the floor suggesting an air of weakness within Samson and request that Delilah teach him how to care suggests that he desires emotional intimacy, which undermines his masculine identity. He laments I cannot be gentle, or loving, or tender. The tripling of modifiers connotes femininity and intimacy, attributes not associated with warriors, again undermining his masculine identity. By contrast, afterwards he lay with his head on my lap, a gesture both childlike, intimate and trusting, it further enforces the power Delilah has over him in the relationship. She also says My warrior, of which is a rather possessive tone, again reversing the conventional roles of which women seem to be possessed by men. The line I have to be strong suggests that Samson feels he has no choice, a reflection of how the perception of specific gender roles are so deeply rooted within society and the interrogative What is the cure? implies that he sees his condition as a sickness, which could represent Duffy’s view of masculine dominance as a disease. The end focus on the question reflects the changing balance of power between the couple as he now questions her. The line snipping first at the black and biblical air is very knowing as well as cutting her lovers hair, the speaker is attempting to shred her reputation as a femme fatale, which originated in the biblical account. She actively tries to reverse the conventional role placed upon her by society. CIRCE Duffy first establishes conventional gender roles. She compares men to pigs, implying that they are lazy and in the case of â€Å"the tusker†, aggressive, and women should therefore take action against such unruliness. Furthermore, she also points out the male’s skill to deceive women, â€Å"to lick, to lap, to loosen, lubricate, to lie.† And the very fact that Circe is instructing the women around her on how to cook pigs, Duffy places her in a domestic setting, traditionally reserved for women. However, the dominance of the female is particularly evident in this poem. She is putting them on a lower level in comparison to her. For instance, â€Å"all pigs have been mine – under my thumb† reinforces her domineering role over them. Also, the poem is structured in the form of a recipe for cooking men. This shows how men have become a consumable commodity to her and are of lesser importance. MRS BEAST The idea of dominance is also prevalent in Mrs Beast, she is also the one who holds the real power, and her relationship with the beast is that of a dominatrix to a subservient male. Female empowerment is of intrinsic quality to Mrs Beast, especially when the poem opens with the listing of females, ascending in terms of empowerment, â€Å"Helen’s Face, Cleopatra’s, Queen of Sheba’s, Juliet’s †. Furthermore, the reverse is also seen in the line, â€Å"And if his snout and trotters fouled my damask sheets†¦he’d wash them. Twice†, here Duffy has placed the male beast into a domestic role, a position traditionally reserved for women. This maintenance of power over men is a conscious effort, from the line from Mrs Beast, â€Å"Let the less-loving one be me†, because she forces herself to be less loving, as part of a rather feminist vow to never be trampled on by men. Furthermore, the line also seems to be mocking the lack of mal e emotional attachment. The Beast also seems to have accepted his submissive role in their relationship, as he would â€Å"pick my nose, if I wanted that†. Mrs Beast continues to consciously reverse gender roles in order to overthrow male dominance. However, despite the transgressions of and the attempt to move away from conventional gender roles, Duffy also takes into account that women cannot be completely free from society’s traditional shackles that bind them. Delilah The very notion of Samson being a masculine symbol of power and strength but yet still being able to desire to be emotionally vulnerable indicates a mix of the two gender conventions. Even Delilah herself, Then with deliberate, passionate hands/ I cut every lock of his hair†. Although she is ready to carry out this aggressive act which will assert her dominance over Samson, she does not allow herself to be completely removed from the act, instead her emotions have seemingly taken over, through the word â€Å"passionate†. She does not completely deviate from female gender conventions by asserting her dominance; instead there is evidence of feminine emotional vulnerability. Through Delilah, Duffy hints at the weakness of emotion; a traditional female trait, but she still asserts the female’s dominance by having her deconstruct masculine power, transgressing gender conventions. Circe However, in Circe, in the midst of describing her culinary attack on men, she slips into a state of emotional vulnerability and recalls a time when she was young and ‘hoping for men’. This indicates that despite the dominant and aggressive role Circe seems to take on, she is still prone to emotional weakness, a conventional female trait. MRS BEAST However, it seems that there can be no complete role reversal, instead, by asserting dominance over men, she seems to have taken on the traits commonly associated with the male gender, Furthermore, it seems as though Mrs Beast cannot be entirely independent, instead she actively seeks out a male presence and is satisfied co-existing with the Beast. Therefore, we can see that although Duffy seeks to establish female dominance through moving away from conventional gender roles within the poems, she also shows that these roles are so deeply rooted within society and it is impossible for the female voice to be completely removed from such stereotypes. Conclusion In conclusion, Duffy challenges male power and the notion of male dominance in society by consciously asserting the female gender in The World’s Wife. Duffy establishes various ways of transgressing gender roles like through the establishment of the female literary voice and the aggressive actions taken by them, they result in the subversion of male dominance and power. Although Duffy tries to move past gender constructs, she still showcases that such societal notions are inevitable and women in â€Å"The World’s Wife† are unable to completely remove themselves from such structures.

Recruiting or Retaining Essays

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The small intestine also has layers,the peritoneum is a double layer and connects the jejunum and ileum to the abdominal wall.The attatchment is short and fan shaped,large blood vessels and nerves pass between the two layers.Their is also a mucousa present here it contains villi and microvill it has a large surface area and many folds.Their are circular folds which act to mix chyme,the villi in this mucousal layer contibute to final stages of digestion.There are also lymph nodes within the mucousa which release defense cells against ingested antigens. The large intestine also has a mucosa ; made of simple columnar epithelial tissue. The mucosa is smooth, unlike the small intestine lacks villi however it does have a large number of mucous glands secreting mucus into the hollow lumen as to lubricate the surface of the large intestine and protect it from rough food particles. 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Available: http://www.tutorvista.com/biology/ Last accessed 05/03/2015 Waugh, Anne and Grant, Allison (2006) Ross and Wilson: Anatomy and physiology in health and illness. (10th edition). Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.

The Lottery Essay -- essays research papers fc

When â€Å"The Lottery† was first published in 1948, it created an enormous controversy and great interest in its author, Shirley Jackson. Shirley Jackson was born in San Francisco, California on December 14, 1919. When she was two years old, her family moved her to Burlingame, California, where Jackson attended high school. After high school Jackson moved away to attend college at Rochester University in upstate New York but after only a short time at Rochester and, after taking off a year from school, she moved on to Syracuse University. At first, Jackson was in the School of Journalism at Syracuse but soon moved to the English Department to pursue her interest in writing. Jackson soon started publishing works in the school news paper and eventually, she and a classmate and future husband, Stanley Hyman started their own magazine under the supervision of teacher, Leonard Brown, who Jackson later described as her mentor. After graduating from Syracuse in 1940, Jackson and college sweetheart Hyman married and moved to Vermont. In Vermont, Jackson did a lot of writing, publishing many books, children’s stories and humorous pieces, including a book about family life titled â€Å"Life among Savages.† â€Å"The Lottery† was a radical departure from the tone and contents of her other works. (http://reagan.underthesun.cc/sjackson/sjackson1.html) In 1948, Jackson wrote what turned out to be probably her most famous short story entitled â€Å"The Lottery.† When â€Å"The Lottery† appeared in the New Yorker, it created a huge controversy and received a lot of press for its dark psychological horror. Many people believed that â€Å"The Lottery† was about how society can be cruel to individuals, the violence in society and the overwhelming need of humans to conform to the norms of society without regard to right or wrong. Many people found the story gross and disgusting because of the surprising murder at the end of the story. The story has been interpreted by many literary critics and scholars with the general conclusion that â€Å"The Lottery† is a satire on the willingness of people to engage collectively in abhorrent behavior, racial prejudice, and sexism all of which are social evils† (Barr 248-49). Jackson recalls when she first got the idea to write â€Å"The Lottery.† â€Å"The id ea had come to me while I was pushing my daughter up the hill in her stroller-it was, as I say, a warm morning, and the hill... ... a work of fiction, its underlying themes of human violence and cruelty, obedience to rituals and authority can be seen in many of the events of recent and contemporary history. The people of Jackson’s time era were not used to someone telling such graphic truths through a short story. If Jackson had written her Story today I am sure there would not be anything close to the public uproar that occurred in 1948 when the story was published.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Works Cited Barr, Donald. â€Å"A Talent for Irony.† New York Times Book Review (1949): 4 Rpt in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Thomas Votteler. Vol. 9 Detroit: Gale, 1992. 248 Crisis Group. â€Å"Crisis in Darfur.† 20 Mar. 2005   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hyman, Edgar Stanley. â€Å"Biography of a Story.† Come Along With Me. (1960): 211-25. Rpt in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Jenny Cromie. Vol 39 Farmington Hills: Gale, 2000. 181-185 Jackson, Shirley. â€Å"The Lottery.† Literature The Human Experience Reading and Writing. Ed. Richard Abcarian and Marvin Klotz. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2004. 328-334 Reagan, Bette. â€Å"Shirley Jackson – Life and Work.† 18 Mar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Greenpeace and Politics Essay

Greenpeace is an organization which often collides with governments in countries all over the world in its attempt to stop things like global warming, deforestation, overfishing and more. Greenpeace tries to reach their goals by direct action and lobbying. This is the part where they often collide with the governments. My questions about this topic are: -What conflicts does Greenpeace have (or did they have) with the government and corporations in the Netherlands and governments and corporations of other countries in the world? -How exactly does Greenpeace influence governments and corporations? -What influence does Greenpeace have on governments and corporations? I want to answer these questions by first telling a bit more about Greenpeace. Then I will tell about some conflicts which Greenpeace have had and still have with Dutch government and corporations. I am also going to tell how Greenpeace acted in those conflicts and if they reached their goal(s). by telling this, I will have answered the second and third question. I will also tell about some conflicts Greenpeace has with other governments and corporations and how Greenpeace acted there. Greenpeace Greenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization. It has offices in more than forty countries all over the world. Its international coordinating body is in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Greenpeace states its goal is to â€Å"ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity.’’ It focuses on worldwide issues such as global warming, deforestation, overfishing, commercial whaling and anti-nuclear issues. Greenpeace is known for its direct actions and lobbying to stop or delay things but also uses research and innovation to achieve its goals. Greenpeace does not accept money from governments, political parties, or companies. It relies on more than 2.9 million individual supporters and foundation grants. Greenpeace is a founding member of the INGO Accountability Charter; an international non-governmental organization that intends to promote accountability and transparency of non-governmental organizations. Greenpeace has been described as the most visible environmental organization in the world. It has raised environmental issues to public knowledge, and influenced both the private and the public sector. Greenpeace has also been a source of controversy; its motives and methods have received criticism and the organization’s direct actions have led to legal actions against Greenpeace activists. Greenpeace and conflicts with the Dutch government and Dutch corporations – In August 2008, Greenpeace threatens the negotiations of the Dutch government and civil society organizations concerning the designation of protected nature reserves in the North Sea. Greenpeace threw large rocks in the Sylter Buitenrif, near the German-Denmark border. Each of the rocks are about two to three tons. Because of the rocks, fishing is impossible in that area because the fishing nets might get hooked on the rocks, which will be dangerous for the boats. The reason why Greenpeace did this was because the Dutch government was too slow with the designation of protected nature reserves. In 1995, all EU countries promised they would take protective measures known as ‘Natura 2000’, but all North Sea countries, including the Netherlands, took too long to do this and were behind schedule. The Dutch minister of agriculture, minister Verburg, agreed to designate four protected nature areas. – Minister Verhagen declared he wanted a second nuclear power plant (NNP) to be built in the Netherlands, one much bigger than the NNP we already have in Borssele. He had already found a solution for the nuclear waste: put it under the ground. According to minister Verhagen, two soil types are suitable for storing nuclear waste, salt domes in the northern Netherlands and the Boom clay layer which extends over the Netherlands and a part of Belgium. And since a few months, Dutch Greenpeace activists have been protesting against nuclear energy in the Netherlands. They have been trying to persuade the cities to say ‘no’ to nuclear waste storages underneath their city. They did this in several ways, they for example placed warning signs under more than 64 signposts of cities in middle and south Netherlands. Greenpeace activists also visited cities and spoke to councilors and they dumped ‘nuclear waste’ in several places. By now, more than 75 cities said ‘no’ to nuclear waste and the energy company Delta declared in January to have put the plans for a second NPP on hold. They declared it was not feasible anymore to built a second NPP. However, minister Verhagen still wants a second NPP, though he does not seen to get much support anymore†¦ – In December 2011, Greenpeace campaigned in the harbor of IJmuiden against harmful giant ships which was about to set sail to the waters West-Africa. Because of overfishing in the European seas, ships like these now have to go to other seas because they cannot catch enough fish in European seas anymore. The ships against which Greenpeace was campaigning was part of the Pelagic Freezer-Trawler Association (PFA). This is a company which is established in the Netherlands and is a partnership of several Dutch fisheries. PFA got more than 142 million euro subsidy from 2006 to 2011 on. the last five years more than 142 million Euros in European subsidies. Subsidies which are paid from tax money paid by European inhabitants. Greenpeace wrote the amount of money which one of the largest fishing ships in the world got on the ship itself. Also, on the 31st of January 2012, Greenpeace anchored one of Europe’s largest ships to the dock with steel cables to prevent it from setting sail to fishing waters. The Second Chamber will debate about overcapacity on the 15th of February in the Algemeen Overleg. Greenpeace and conflicts with other governments and corporations all over the world Finland, 1995 In June 1955, Greenpeace took a trunk from a tree and put it on display at exhibitions in Austria and Germany. They declared that the trunk was from a tree from a ancient forest in a national park which was supposed to be protected. Metsà ¤hallitus is a state-owned enterprise in Finland has the tasks of managing most of the protected areas of Finland and to supply wood to the country’s forest industry. They accused Greenpeace of theft and said the trunk was from a normal tree that had been destroyed during a storm. Greenpeace replied that the tree had fallen down because the forest around it had been clear-cut. With this action, Greenpeace wanted to highlight the fate of old forests, and they did, because the incident received publicity in some large Finish newspapers. Great Britain, 2008 On the 11th of September, 2008, six Greenpeace activists were acquitted in a case started by energy company E.ON. The activists were protesting against the emission of COâ‚‚ and the construction of a new coal plant in Kent. They climbed the chimney of an existing plant and wanted to write the text ‘Gordon, bin it’ on the chimney. However, they were stopped after they had written ‘Gordon.’ E.ON wanted the activists to pay the damage costs of  £ 35,000 but the judge decided that the damage to the environment done by the coal plant was many times bigger than the activists’ graffiti. France, 1985 The first ship of Greenpeace was the Rainbow Warrior, a 40 meter long former fishing trawler. From 1978 to 1985 on, it was used as a ship to prevent whale hunting, ocean-dumping of toxic and radioactive waste, seal hunting and nuclear testing. In 1985, the Rainbow Warrior was to lead a fleet of protest vessels into the waters surrounding a French nuclear testing site. The French government secretly bombed the ship in the Auckland harbor, New Zealand. The bombings killed a Dutch freelance photographer. At first, the French government denied they had bombed the ship, but in the end they were exposed by the New Zealand police. They agreed to pay New Zealand a compensation of 13 million New Zealand Dollar. They also paid 2.3 million French francs to the family of the photographer. Liberia, Greece, 2002 In 2002, Greek, German and Swiss activists boarded the vessel MV Zini in the port of Kalamaki. The vessel was there to unload logs which it had picked up at the Liberian port of Buchanan. That port is largely controlled by the logging company Oriental Timber Company (OTC). OTC is run by a close business associate of the President of Liberia, who has granted the logging rights to at least one third of Liberia ´s remaining 4.8 million hectares of ancient forest to the company. Liberia’s forests contain enormous biodiversity, but its timber industry is fuelling both environmental destruction and human rights abuses. The Greenpeace activists dressed like animals, the same animals that are being wiped out around the world through the destruction of ancient forests. In reaction to the Greenpeace action, the Greek ministry of environment joined other European nations in committing itself to keep a very clear and strong position for the protection and sustainable management of the last ancient forests of the world and they made promises to take action against forest destruction. Japan, 2008 In June 2008, the Japanese police arrested two Greenpeace activists for stealing a box which was supposed to be full of cardboard, but which was in fact filled with whale meat. The two activists presented this box as evidence to the Public Prosecutor in Tokyo of wide-scale corruption at the heart of the government-sponsored whaling operation in the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary. There has been an investigation, but according to the Tokyo District Prosecutor Office, it has been unable to find evidence of the embezzlement. The investigation into crew and whaling officials has stopped. After their arrest, the two Greenpeace activists, known as ‘the Tokyo Two’, have been held without charge for some time. In that time, more than 170.000 people have done a cyber action, and a quarter million people sent a mail to the Japanese government to demand their release. The Tokyo Two have been handed a one year suspended prison sentence last year September, despite of the world wide protests against the unjust sentence. Although they are now in prison, they did manage to put whaling successfully on trial, both in court, and in Japan’s national media. Switzerland, 2010, Other European countries In 2010, the Swiss Parliament extended its ban on the cultivation of genetically engineered (GE) plants for three more years. Switzerland will now stay free of GE plants until at least 2013. The original moratorium was backed by Swiss voters in a referendum 5 years ago. Supporters of the ban included farmers, who were concerned about the impacts of GE crops on organic produce as GE crops pose unpredictable risks to human and animal health. The Swiss Greenpeace office has been supporting these farmers and Swiss consumers to ensure the country remains GE-free. The EU Commission President Barroso is trying to force GE crops into the EU and to bypass standard authorisation procedures. However, this approval has met many criticism and opposition. The governments of Greece, Austria, Luxembourg, Italy, Hungary and France have all publicly announced that they will not allow GE potato crops grown in their countries. Six other EU countries, Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary and Luxembourg have bans on GE maize cultivation. I hoped I was able to give an idea of the conflicts Greenpeace gets into with governments and corporations all over the world. Of course, what I told is only a fraction of the actions Greenpeace does and the conflicts and problems they walk into when campaigning but had I told about them all, or even half of them, I could have continued for a very long time. And of course, Greenpeace does not always get into conflict with governments or big corporations, sometimes they only get into conflict with small companies or a small group of people.

Definition and Examples of a Molecule

Definition and Examples of a Molecule The terms molecule, compound, and atom can be confusing! Heres an explanation of what a molecule is (and is not) with some examples of common molecules. Molecules form when two or more atoms form chemical bonds with each other. It doesnt matter if the atoms are the same or are different from each other. Examples of Molecules Molecules may be simple or complex. Here are examples of common molecules: H2O (water)N2 (nitrogen)O3 (ozone)CaO (calcium oxide)C6H12O6 (glucose, a type of sugar)NaCl (table salt) Molecules Versus Compounds Molecules made up of two or more elements are called compounds. Water, calcium oxide, and glucose are molecules that compound. All compounds are molecules; not all molecules are compounds. What Is Not a Molecule? Single atoms of elements are not molecules. A single oxygen, O, is not a molecule. When oxygen bonds to itself (e.g., O2, O3) or to another element (e.g., carbon dioxide or CO2), molecules are formed. Learn more: Types of Chemical BondsList of Diatomic Molecules

The Need for Tourism Policy and Planning in UK and Some Other Countries

The Need for Tourism Policy and Planning in UK and Some Other Countries Introduction Cultural heritage and the achievements of the ancestors of a country are considered to be one of the most influential factors of the tourism industry development. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Need for Tourism Policy and Planning in UK and Some Other Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For a long period of time, the tourism industry is regarded as a considerable part of business life in UK. Taking into consideration the idea that many various factors and people are involved in the sphere of tourism, it is not very easy to provide this particular industry with a clear definition and comprehend how the development of tourism policy and planning processes may be organized. In this paper, the evaluation of tourism policy and planning will be offered to define what achievements have been made during the last several years, what priorities have been identified, and what factors may influence the development of the chosen industry. Political and even environmental instability dictate their own rules which have to be followed by the representatives of the tourism industry. A number of cultural and social aspects may also predetermine the developments of tourists’ activities. And finally, economic challenges deprive the tourism industry of the possibilities to develop to its full extent. This paper will present several strong evidences in order to prove the need for tourism planning in any destination. Tourism policies and planning are considered to be crucial points in the development of the industry due to the possibilities to evaluate the situation, to forecast possible troubles, to identify tourism destinations, and to respond a number of calamities which have natural roots or depend on human activities. Evaluation of Tourism in UK, Its Policy, and Planning Processes The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is one of the richest countries in the wh ole world with its traditions, people, abilities, potentials, and resources. In spite of the fact that some misunderstandings with different countries like the United States of America, France, and Germany, took place, the country realized that the necessity of cultural integration and a kind of exchange of the experience. This is why the British government supported the idea to develop the industry of tourism as â€Å"the processes, activities, and outcomes arising from the relationships and the interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host governments, host communities, and surrounding environments that are involved in the attracting and hosting the visitors† (Goeldner Ritchie 2006, p.5).Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To succeed in the defined activities, it is very important to choose an appropriate policy that could look at special political processes and public support in order to meet the demands of the government and a number of public interests. Only in this case, tourism policy will be identified as a â€Å"vehicle for a government to direct and stimulate the tourism industry† (Edgell et al. 2008, p. 13). In fact, some researchers admit that such terms as tourism policy and tourism planning may be interchangeable due to the fact that both of them are based on the political factors which promote successful decision-making processes and the evaluation of the possible outcomes. For example, Harry Clark (2001) admits that UK tourism policy is based on the two questions posed: â€Å"When do markets fail and when is government intervention called for?† (p. 408). This is why tourism should be regarded as the industry the success of which is crucial for the country as it is considered to be the main source of â€Å"income for many groups† of people (Welford Ytterhus 2004, p. 410). Urgency of Touris m Policy and Planning in Regard to the Conditions People Have to Live Under The process of tourism development plays a very important role in the sphere of business. The way of how people are able to organize their tourism activities define the way of how the country may develop the relations with other countries. The representatives of UK government try to take as many effective steps as possible to evaluate the situation and introduce some appropriate ideas and support. Gilmore et al. (2008) underline the fact that the sphere of tourism is properly established in Europe, still, some countries require more financial support as they are â€Å"only now emerging as modern tourist destinations† (113), and one of these countries is Northern Ireland. This country is regarded to be a considerable part of the UK; this is why it is necessary to evaluate the factors which may predetermine tourism development and the effectiveness of tourism policy and planning. There are several fact ors which may influence this kind of development: economic, technological, socio-cultural, and environmental. To understand the need for tourism policy in regard to a particular destination, the United Kingdom, it is better to evaluate the factors and define how urgent this policy and planning processes may be. It does not actually matter what kind of tourism is supported by the country (whether it is eco-tourism, heritage tourism, or some kind of adventure tourism), the importance of the factors is observed. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Need for Tourism Policy and Planning in UK and Some Other Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In case the UK government takes into consideration all the factors from social to environmental perspectives and apply them during the tourism planning process, the vast majority of goals can be met. The most integral goals in tourism are: promotion of visitors’ satisf action, appropriate use of sustainable resources, abilities to respond market failures, and in-time integration of tourism into the particular community. The idea of tourism planning may be approached in a variety of ways, and in this paper, the attention to economic, social, cultural, environmental, and technological benefits is paid to promote appropriate development of society. The economic approach helps to comprehend that tourism has to be equal to the rest of industries because this sphere promotes the development of job places, increase of revenue, and improvements of regional items. And government, as an integral part of policy-making process should be able to perform the functions of a successful coordinator, planner, and legal regulator. Now, evaluation of factors which determine the necessity of tourism planning will be developed. The Influence of Environmental Factors on Tourism Policy And Planning It is universally known that the Planet is in danger because of the natu ral pollution. All the countries of the world try to protect the environment and to support different policies directed at the problem. The environmental factor influences the tourism policy and planning greatly. The protection and conservation of the nature is one of the main objectives of the tourism industry as it is one of the main reasons for tourism development. While planning tourism objects and developing new sights for tourists in the United Kingdom, the government should pay attention to the condition of the environment in those regions. One of the main reason people want to travel is to have a rest and enjoy the nature. The view with landfills is not going to attract those. Thus, to spend money and afford on the environment protection on the state of tourism planning, the government of the UK will be able to get more profit in the future. At the same time the environment protection section in the tourism policy may create a number of difficulties which may become a real hazard for people. Thus, there are some jobs which may contradict to the tourism policy in the question of the environment protection. In this case, the UK government should understand what they need more, the creation of the workplaces or the environment protection necessary for the increase of the tourism potential of the country (Dodds Butler 2010, p. 42). For example, while creating a tourism policy, the â€Å"integration into public and private sector development, policies plans and programs† should be provided (Dodds Butler 2010, p. 38). One of the examples of such policies is the local environmental plans. The tourism should be related to those policies as it may be helpful while planning new places of recreation. Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, the local environmental plans and tourism policy plans may be directed at one and t same region that may increase the productivity of the results and nature conservation in that region. The Influence of Technological Factors on Tourism Policy And Planning The technological innovations have already affected all parts of human life. Tourism is not an exception. The influence of different innovations in t technological sphere is great. Thus, according to the research conducted by Formica Kothari (2008) â€Å"innovation and advancement of technology† impact the increase of â€Å"digital divide for consumers and businesses† and the growth of â€Å"hardware and software expenditures† (p. 363). The work is provided from home what increases the productivity and customer service quality, the products and services become more personalized, and â€Å"leisure behavior more dependent on technology† (Formica Kothari 2008, p. 363). Us, the customers and the tourism policy makers state only on the positive features which became available with the appearance of the innovative technologies. Moreover, there is an opportunity to be at the place of destination within several hours that was impossible several years ago. Planning tourism industry, the United Kingdom may be sure that people should not spend days or even weeks on the voyage to its coasts. The convenience and time saving are the main facilities which should be considered while planning the tourism in the UK. The location of t country on the island does not make it less available for people in other countries. This should be remembered while planning tourism. Economic Facts and It Connection with Tourism Planning and Tourism Each economy is striving to augment incomes and employment rates and tourism is one of evident sources for promoting this sphere. Strong economic infrastructure, diligent level for employment, and government revenues serve as a solid underpinning for developi ng tourism. In its turn, properly-defined tourism policies and planning can greatly contribute to the growth of economy. It can raise the employment rates, increase the governmental budget, and strengthen other sectors of economy making them more sustainable and mature. More importantly, the need for tourism policy and planning offers many other great benefits. It should also be stressed that economic growth and tourism are closely intertwined with regard to global trends, interest rates and exchange rates. In this regard, tourism is considered to be as linking chain to the international market allowing the government to keep pace with recent shifts in the world economy. The problem is that public authorities fail to recognize tourism as one of the chief economic stimulator. In this regard, UK government should realize an urgent need for tourism planning and development because â€Å"tourism taxes will be used to fund education and other unrelated services that rely heavily on pu blic financial support† (Formica and Kothari 2009, p. 360). A new course of tourism planning, thus, can lead to a considerable improvement of other sectors, such as education, marketing, commerce at domestic and international level. Moreover, it will expand and strengthen international cooperation and involve foreign businesses to the countries. Impact of Tourism on Socio-Cultural Environment The fact that tourism affects social and cultural dimensions of development is undeniable because this sphere is closely connected with cross-cultural communication between nations and communities. Along with planning and expanding tourism sector, the country provides much space for community advancement and international communication. What is more important is that a favourable socio-cultural environment can fulfil cultural diversity gaps and present the peculiarities of local culture in its full extent. Tourism policies and planning is also predetermined by the necessity to enhance an d protect of local cultural amenities and introduce regulations that would â€Å"protect local cultures and natural areas, as well as provide economic incentives to local communities to act in an ecologically responsive manner† (Formica and Kothari 2009, p.). In addition to this, intensive development of tourism in the UK will advance the sphere of education and will provide more recreational opportunities for people. Taking a course on consistent development of tourism policy and planning is a brilliant opportunity to introduce the world with rich history, culture, and traditions of the country. In this regard, the government should provide diligent funding of museums and other non-profit organizations that support the development and preservation of cultural heritage. Conclusion In general, the development of tourism industry is considered to be an integral part of society’s life. People are in need of fast-developing activities which may bring a lot of benefits. Thi s is why the process of tourism policy and planning cannot be stopped. It is similar to decisions which are made by different people: they cannot stop making them, still, they have a variety of opportunities to approve and implement them accordingly. Tourism development depends considerably on a number of social, environmental, technological, and cultural concerns. To avoid various barriers and failures, it is better to evaluate the factors and their possible outcomes and consider the effectiveness of the plan provided. Taking into account the evaluations offered in this paper, it is possible to conclude that the need of tourism policies and planning is evident. There are a number of countries which demonstrate how this process may be developed: success of American or Mexican tourism should encourage the representatives from other countries be similar or, at least, try to be such. Under the conditions people have to develop tourism business, it is possible to find various improvem ents and ideas on how to succeed in tourism policy and introduce successful planning processes. Implementation of the policies should certain help to achieve high tourism goals and impress the tourists with high quality services. Reference List Clark, H 2001, ‘The Economics of Tourism’, Economics Record, vol. 77, no. 239, p. 407. Dodds, R, Butler, R 2010, ‘Barriers to Implementing Sustainable Tourism Policy in Mass Tourism Destinations’, Tourismos: An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, vol. 5, no.1, pp. 35-53. Edgell, DL, Allen, MD, Smith, G, Swanson, J 2008, Tourism Policy and Planning: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. Elsevier, Burlington. Formica, S, Kothari, TH 2008, ‘Strategic Destination Planning: Analyzing the Future of Tourism’, Journal of Travel Research, vol. 46, pp. 355-367. Gilmore, A, Carson, D, Ascencao, M, Fawcett, L 2008, ‘Managing ‘Balance’ in a Tourism Context’, Irish Journal of Man agement, vol. 29, no.1, p. 113. Goeldner, CR Ritchie, RB 2006, Tourism: Principles, Practices, Philosophies. John Wiley Sons, Hoboken. Ytterhus, B 2004, ‘Sustainable Development and Tourism Destination Management: A Case Study of the Lillehammer Region, Norway’, International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, vol. 11, no. 4, p. 410.